How to Prevent Falls -- the Leading Cause of Injury Death in Older Americans

The National Council on Aging reports that falls are the leading cause of injury death among older Americans, according to WRAL-TV in Raleigh. "Fear of another fall may limit their physical activities and community activities, which results in a vicious cycle of weakness and functional decline," notes physical therapist JC Garilao. His recommendation is to cultivate an awareness of why falls occur, and follow steps to minimize the risk for relatives, loved ones, and oneself. He suggests footwear to prevent falls, including non-skid socks and avoidance of slip-on shoes and slippers. Garilao adds that thick pile throw rugs raise the risk of slipping, while clutter needs to be minimized, especially if it blocks paths to the kitchen, bathroom, or other walkways. He also advises examining the lighting in one's environment. Also helpful can be giving the body time to progress gradually from one position to the next, such as lying down to sitting to standing — thus avoiding dizziness and disorientation resulting from sudden movements. "Exercise and increased physical activities are important in improving and maintaining your leg strength," Garilao urges.